The New vs Used Dilemma
One of the most common questions from cement bag factory owners is: should I buy new or used machinery? A quality used machine can save 40–60% compared to a new equivalent, but comes with risks. Understanding both sides helps you make the financially optimal choice.
New Machines — Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
- Full warranty — Typically 1–2 years parts and labor
- Latest technology — Current PLC, sensors, safety features
- Known condition — No hidden wear, no surprises
- Full service support — Manufacturer training, commissioning included
- Spare parts — Readily available for current models
- Customization — Configure to your exact specifications
- Financing — Easier to finance (asset value clear)
Disadvantages
- Higher cost — 40–100% more than equivalent used machine
- Lead time — 30–120 days manufacturing + shipping
- Depreciation — Loses 20–30% value in first year
- Unproven setup — New configuration may need optimization
Used Machines — Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
- 40–60% cheaper — Significant cost savings
- Immediate availability — Often ready to ship
- Proven performance — Machine’s capabilities are known
- Faster ROI — Lower investment = shorter payback period
- Previously configured — Already set up for production
- Negotiable price — More room for price negotiation
Disadvantages
- Unknown condition — Hidden wear, fatigue, damage
- No/limited warranty — “As-is” purchase in most cases
- Outdated technology — Older PLC, controllers, sensors
- Spare parts risk — Parts may be discontinued
- No commissioning support — You handle installation yourself
- Hidden costs — Repairs, upgrades, replacement parts
- Financing difficulty — Banks less willing to finance used equipment
Price Comparison
New vs Used Pricing Examples
| Machine Type | New Price | Used Price (5-year) | Used Price (10-year) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese tuber (3-layer) | $65,000 | $35,000–$45,000 | $20,000–$30,000 |
| Chinese bottomer | $55,000 | $30,000–$40,000 | $15,000–$25,000 |
| PP woven complete line | $150,000 | $80,000–$100,000 | $50,000–$70,000 |
| German tuber (W&H) | $800,000 | $400,000–$550,000 | $250,000–$350,000 |
| FFS system | $300,000 | $150,000–$200,000 | $80,000–$130,000 |
| Circular loom (Chinese) | $20,000 | $10,000–$14,000 | $5,000–$8,000 |
10-Year Total Cost Comparison
Example: Medium Paper Valve Sack Line
| Cost Category | New (Chinese Premium) | Used (Chinese, 5 year old) |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase price | $180,000 | $100,000 |
| Installation | $15,000 | $20,000 (self-arranged) |
| Repairs Year 1–3 | $5,000 | $15,000 |
| Repairs Year 4–7 | $15,000 | $30,000 |
| Repairs Year 8–10 | $25,000 | $40,000 (end of life) |
| Energy (10yr) | $100,000 | $115,000 (less efficient) |
| Downtime cost | $10,000 | $30,000 |
| Resale value | -$40,000 | -$10,000 |
| 10-Year Total | $310,000 | $340,000 |
Conclusion: In this example, the new machine is actually cheaper over 10 years due to lower maintenance, energy, and downtime costs.
When New Is the Better Choice
✅ Buy new when:
- You plan to operate >10 years
- Technology requirements are current (AI, IoT, servo)
- After-sales service is critical (remote locations)
- You need warranty protection
- Financing is available
- Production volume is high (>500K bags/month)
- Quality standards are strict (export markets)
When Used Is the Better Choice
✅ Buy used when:
- Budget is severely constrained (<$50K total)
- You need a machine immediately (no lead time)
- You have experienced technicians who can maintain older machines
- You’re starting a small test operation
- The machine is from a premium brand (W&H, Starlinger) — these last 20+ years
- You can verify the machine condition personally
Used Machine Inspection Checklist
Before buying any used machine, inspect these critical areas:
Mechanical
- Check all bearings for wear and noise
- Inspect drive chains, belts, and gears
- Verify cylinder and pneumatic system condition
- Check frame for cracks, welds, and alignment
- Run the machine under load and listen for abnormal sounds
Electrical
- Test PLC functionality and error log
- Check all sensors and limit switches
- Inspect wiring condition and connections
- Verify motor conditions (amperage, temperature)
- Test emergency stop and safety systems
Production Quality
- Run 100+ bags and check quality consistency
- Measure bag dimensions and tolerances
- Test seal/bond strength on produced bags
- Check for material waste levels
- Verify speed claims at actual production
Documentation
- Original manuals and wiring diagrams
- Maintenance history records
- Spare parts list and availability
- Reason for selling (verify the story)
Where to Find Used Machines
Sources
- Direct from factories — Upgrading factories selling replaced equipment
- Equipment dealers — Specialized packaging machinery dealers
- Online marketplaces — Alibaba (new and used), ExFactory, Machinio
- Trade shows — Sometimes ex-demo machines available
- Auctions — Factory closings, bankruptcy sales
Refurbished Option
Some dealers offer refurbished machines — used machines that have been:
- Disassembled and thoroughly cleaned
- Worn components replaced
- Electrical systems upgraded
- Tested to specification
- Offered with limited warranty (3–6 months)
Refurbished machines typically cost 60–75% of new price but offer much better reliability than as-is used machines.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a 10-year-old German machine better than a new Chinese machine? Often yes, for quality. A well-maintained Windmöller & Hölscher or Starlinger machine will still outperform most new Chinese machines in speed, consistency, and reliability. However, electronics may need updating.
Can I get spare parts for a 15-year-old machine? It depends on the brand. Premium European brands maintain spare parts for 20+ years. Chinese brands may discontinue parts after 5–8 years. Always verify parts availability before purchasing a used machine.
Should I buy a refurbished machine from China? Be cautious. Refurbishment quality varies enormously. If buying refurbished from China, request video evidence of refurbishment work and test runs before shipping.
Compare current new machine prices in our 2026 Price Guide or browse available machines in the machine directory.